Research and analysis

NOIDs causative agents: week 35 (week ending 4 September 2022)

Updated 16 January 2023

NOIDs weekly report

Laboratories in England have a statutory duty to notify the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) of the identification of the following causative agents:

  • Bacillus anthracis
  • Bacillus cereus
  • Bordetella pertussis
  • Borrelia spp
  • Brucella spp
  • Burkholderia mallei
  • Burkholderia pseudomallei
  • Campylobacter spp
  • Carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria
  • Chikungunya virus
  • Chlamydophila psittaci
  • Clostridium botulinum
  • Clostridium perfringens
  • Clostridium tetani
  • Corynebacterium diphtheriae
  • Corynebacterium ulcerans
  • Coxiella burnetii
  • Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus
  • Cryptosporidium spp
  • Dengue virus
  • Ebola virus
  • Entamoeba histolytica
  • Escherichia coli O 157
  • Francisella tularensis
  • Giardia lamblia
  • Guanarito virus
  • Haemophilus influenzae (invasive)
  • Hanta virus
  • Hepatitis A
  • Hepatitis B
  • Hepatitis C
  • Hepatitis D
  • Hepatitis E
  • Influenza virus
  • Junin virus
  • Kyasanur Forest disease virus
  • Lassa virus
  • Legionella spp
  • Leptospira interrogans
  • Listeria monocytogenes
  • Machupo virus
  • Marburg virus
  • Measles virus
  • Monkeypox virus
  • Mumps virus
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex
  • Neisseria meningitidis
  • Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus
  • Plasmodium falciparum
  • Plasmodium knowlesi
  • Plasmodium malariae
  • Plasmodium ovale
  • Plasmodium vivax
  • Polio virus
  • Rabies virus
  • Rickettsia spp
  • Rift Valley fever virus
  • Rubella virus
  • Sabia virus
  • Salmonella spp
  • SARS coronavirus
  • Shigella spp
  • Streptococcus group A (invasive)
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae (invasive)
  • Varicella zoster virus
  • Variola virus
  • Vibrio cholerae
  • West Nile virus
  • Yellow fever virus
  • Yersinia pestis

Statutory notifications of causative agents, grouped by root organism

Totals for the current week compared to the previous 5.

Week notification received 2022/30 2022/31 2022/32 2022/33 2022/34 2022/35
Arboviruses Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
West Nile virus - - 1 - 1 -
Bacillus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Bacillus anthracis 1 - - - - -
Bacillus cereus 41 28 27 37 31 20
Bordetella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Bordetella pertussis 3 - - - 2 1
Borrelia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Borrelia burgdorferi 20 26 31 29 29 15
Borrelia sp 3 - 1 1 13 6
Borrelia tillae - - 2 1 2 -
Brucella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Brucella sp - - - - 1 -
Burkholderia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Burkholderia pseudomallei - - 1 - - -
Campylobacter Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Campylobacter coli 38 41 37 34 41 22
Campylobacter fetus 1 - - - - -
Campylobacter gracilis - - - - - 1
Campylobacter jejuni 288 298 298 257 255 192
Campylobacter lari 1 - 1 - - -
Campylobacter other named 2 3 1 - - -
Campylobacter sp 1,140 928 924 894 1,160 772
Campylobacter upsaliensis - 1 2 - 1 1
Campylobacter ureolyticus (bacteroides corrodens) 1 - 2 - - 1
Chikungunya virus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Chikungunya virus 1 - 2 - 2 -
Clostridium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Clostridium perfringens 23 23 41 30 23 15
Coronavirus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Coronavirus 5 8 6 11 8 7
SARS coronavirus 1 9 - - - -
SARS-CoV-2 antibody indeterminate 72 60 63 50 80 35
SARS-CoV-2 antibody void 10 15 16 15 20 8
SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) 63,223 48,564 39,193 29,819 26,145 25,575
SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) indeterminate 1,079 783 1,289 662 517 493
SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody negative 416 391 376 316 412 276
SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody positive 1,695 1,293 1,560 1,660 2,323 1,138
SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibody negative - 1 - 2 - -
SARS-CoV-2 total antibody negative 585 684 551 498 587 279
SARS-CoV-2 total antibody positive 2,309 2,103 2,062 1,802 2,074 893
Corynebacterium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Corynebacterium diphtheriae - 1 - 3 1 3
Corynebacterium ulcerans - - - - - 1
Coxiella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Coxiella burnetii - - - - - 1
Cryptosporidium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Cryptosporidium cuniculus - - 1 - - -
Cryptosporidium felis - 1 - - - -
Cryptosporidium hominis 3 5 10 13 14 11
Cryptosporidium parvum 27 28 37 25 49 14
Cryptosporidium sp 11 12 23 26 52 104
Cryptosporidium ubiquitum 1 - - 1 - 1
Entamoeba Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Entamoeba histolytica 2 2 30 - 7 -
Escherichia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Escherichia coli O 157 19 23 14 20 19 38
Flaviviruses Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Dengue virus 2 5 2 3 5 3
Giardia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Giardia lamblia 1 - 2 2 2 1
Haemophilus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Haemophilus influenzae 50 33 39 38 34 31
Hepatitis viruses Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Hepatitis A 14 8 16 14 13 16
Hepatitis B 176 176 175 167 151 143
Hepatitis C 353 374 389 370 475 175
Hepatitis D 1 3 3 1 3 2
Hepatitis E 21 20 26 26 22 20
Influenza virus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Influenza A 113 118 147 125 147 182
Influenza B 20 12 19 16 16 17
Influenza indeterminate - 6 - - - -
Influenza ungrouped 5 1 5 - 8 2
Legionella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Legionella other named 1 - - - - -
Legionella pneumophila 2 4 4 6 2 7
Legionella sp 2 1 - 4 - 7
Listeria Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Listeria monocytogenes 7 2 5 6 4 8
Mycobacterium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Mycobacterium tuberculosis 64 85 62 59 84 56
Neisseria Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Neisseria meningitidis 10 3 7 11 6 6
Orthopoxvirus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Monkeypox virus 304 236 171 104 89 68
Paramyxoviruses Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Measles virus 1 8 2 1 1 -
Mumps virus 4 6 1 1 1 2
Plasmodium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Plasmodium falciparum 3 5 18 1 11 2
Plasmodium malariae - - 2 - 2 1
Plasmodium vivax 1 - - - - -
Polyomavirus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Polyomavirus BK 26 31 41 27 35 37
Polyomavirus JC 1 3 2 3 3 3
Rickettsia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Rickettsia spotted fever 1 - 1 1 - -
Rickettsia tsutsugamushi - - - 1 - -
Rubella virus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Rubella virus 1 3 3 - 5 3
Salmonella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Other salmonellas 71 67 80 73 45 22
Salmonella agbeni 5 - - - - -
Salmonella agona - 5 5 - - -
Salmonella bovis-morbificans - - - 5 - -
Salmonella enteritidis 55 53 71 71 52 20
Salmonella infantis 7 8 8 9 - -
Salmonella java - 5 - - - -
Salmonella kentucky - 5 - - - -
Salmonella mbandaka - - 7 - - -
Salmonella mikawasima 7 5 - - - -
Salmonella montevideo - - 5 - - -
Salmonella newport 5 6 - - 5 -
Salmonella oranienburg - - - 8 - -
Salmonella sp 21 10 21 40 139 209
Salmonella typhi and paratyphi - 6 6 10 19 11
Salmonella typhimurium 68 57 50 44 33 7
Salmonella virchow 5 - - 6 - -
Salmonella enterica - - - 8 - -
Shigella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Shigella boydii - - - 2 - -
Shigella dysenteriae - 2 - 1 1 -
Shigella flexneri 4 10 6 11 5 6
Shigella sonnei 8 7 11 17 16 13
Shigella sp 34 30 29 24 51 56
Streptococcus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Streptococcus group A 77 63 73 60 70 47
Streptococcus pneumoniae 74 63 56 49 51 32
Vibrio Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Vibrio cholerae 1 1 - 1 5 1

Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE)*

Please note: The numbers presented here do not include specimens that have been referred to the AMRHAI Reference Unit.

Week notification received 2022/30 2022/31 2022/32 2022/33 2022/34 2022/35
Citrobacter Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Citrobacter spp IMP - - - 1 - -
Ìý KPC - 1 2 2 1 -
Ìý NDM 4 - - 1 - -
Ìý OXA48 1 1 1 - 1 -
Cronobacter Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Cronobacter spp KPC - - - 1 - -
Enterobacter Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Enterobacter cloacae complex IMP - 1 4 3 3 1
Ìý KPC 5 8 2 2 4 1
Ìý NDM 2 2 2 1 1 -
Ìý OXA48 1 4 2 1 1 -
Ìý VIM - - 1 - - -
Ìý Other - 1 - - - -
Other enterobacter spp IMP - - - - 1 -
Ìý NDM - - 1 - - -
Ìý OXA48 - 1 - 2 1 1
Escherichia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Escherichia coli IMP - - 1 - 1 -
Ìý KPC 2 - 5 8 1 -
Ìý NDM 4 3 9 10 4 1
Ìý OXA48 6 8 8 8 1 3
Ìý VIM 2 - - - - -
Ìý Other 1 1 - - - 1
Klebsiella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Klebsiella oxytoca IMP - - 1 - - -
Ìý KPC 3 3 2 6 1 -
Ìý OXA48 - - - 1 2 -
Ìý VIM - - - 1 - -
Klebsiella pneumoniae IMP - - 3 1 - -
Ìý KPC 4 9 9 5 5 3
Ìý NDM 3 4 6 4 3 -
Ìý OXA48 1 4 7 4 10 2
Ìý VIM - - 1 - 1 -
Ìý Other - 1 1 1 1 -
Other klebsiella spp KPC 1 - - - - -
Kluyvera Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Kluyvera spp KPC - - 1 - - -
Leclercia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Leclercia adecarboxylata KPC - 1 - - - -
Morganella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Morganella morganii OXA48 - 1 - - - -
Providencia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Providencia stuartii Other 1 - - - - -
Serratia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Serratia marcescens/ureilytica OXA48 - - - 1 - -

Other carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative organisms*

Please note: The numbers presented here do not include specimens that have been referred to the AMRHAI Reference Unit.

Week notification received 2022/30 2022/31 2022/32 2022/33 2022/34 2022/35
Acinetobacter Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Acinetobacter baumannii IMP - 1 1 3 - 1
Ìý NDM 2 - - 1 - -
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus/baumannii complex NDM - - 1 - - -
Other acinetobacter spp Other 1 - - - - -
Pseudomonas Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Pseudomonas aeruginosa IMP 1 1 1 - - -
Ìý NDM - - 1 - 1 -
Ìý VIM 2 - - - 1 -
Ìý Other - 1 1 1 3 -
Other Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Ìý NDM - 1 - - - -
Ìý OXA48 1 1 - - - -

*for all Carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative organisms, the reports are de-duplicated by first mention of organism species and resistance mechanism by person in a rolling 52-week period.